Shears.



' No. 7|2,os9. Patented Oct. 28, I902. 2. L. BREWER.

SHEARS.

(Application; filed Mar. 8, 1902.)

(No Model.)

16 imesss. 02/1 /270 Za 0/0 ZEMQ Brew/ UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ZEBULON LOOKE BREWER, OF CEDAR RAPIDS, IOWA.

SHEARS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 712,039, dated October 28, 1902. Application filed March 3,1902. Serial No. 96,548. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ZEBULON LOCKE BREW- ER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cedar Rapids, in the county of Linn and State of Iowa, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Shears, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the manufacture of shears and scissors, and has for its object to so construct a shear-blade that the screw hole may be easily drilled or punched after the steel plate is welded to the stock and that the finished blades may have a symmetrical all-steel ride or wearing-surface contiguous to the joint.

The nature of the invention will fully appear from the description and claims followin g, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a view in perspective showing the stock as cast preparatory to the attachment of the steel blade. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same with the steel plate attached ready for welding. Fig. 3 is a similar view of the finished blade.

' In the manufacture of shear-blades it is usual to weld a cutting-blade of thin steel on the inner face of a stock of malleable iron. In order to hold the piece of steel in position for heating and welding, the wider end of the steel blank has a hole punched in it and the stock, near the joint, is provided with a lug to enter such hole, the parts being riveted together by a blow or two of a hand-hammer. A heat is then taken, and the parts are welded together between suitable dies of a powerhammer. Hitherto, so far as I am aware, no particular attention has been given to the location of this lug or the line where the wider end of the steel plate terminates. The effect in such cases is to often bring the end of the steel at about the point where the screw-hole is to be made and tapped. This of course causes inconvenience in manufacture, especially when the hole must be made partly in the steel and partly in the malleable iron, as the drill will tend to run to one side. It also produces an inferior shear, since the bearingcircle of the two blades-the ride of the blades, as it is known in the art-is partly iron and partly steel and apt to be divided by a seam marking the end of the steel. In case the manner described above.

punched in it for the pivot-screw is cast a lug or stud A, which should be somewhat larger than the screw, so that in drilling the hole A or punching the same the drill or punch will not strike the steel plate B welded to the stock. This steel plate is provided with a hole B, fitting over the lug, and is held in proper position for heating and welding in In practice the hole in the steel plate is punched at equal distances from the wider end and from the two sides, so that the ride of the blades is a full circle of steel, as indicated in the drawing of the finished blade, Fig. 3.

It is to be understood that in practice that portion of the shank indicated by diagonal shading is ground a little below the level of the rest of the blade, so that on the handle side the ride is practically a true semicircle. The twoadjoining faces being of tempered steel, it follows that the best possible bearing is provided for the pair of blades.

The construction greatly facilitates manufacture, since the screw-holes in either blade may be punched, a much quicker operation than drilllng, while this is not so practicable if the punch must pass through steel in addition to the material of the stock. It also insures a clear straight hole in soft metal for the tap, greatly lengthening the serviceability of the latter tool. The construction, furthermore, admits of the punching and tapping being done after the blade is tempered, as in the regular progress of manufacture it might be, while this is not practicable, as shearblades are ordinarily made, if the steel part happens to reach, as it often does, to the line of the screw-hole.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The herein-described improvement in the manufacture of shears, comprising a shear-blade stock of soft metal, such as malleable iron, provided with a stud or lug practically concentric with and a little larger than the screw-hole to be formed therein.

2. The combination with a shear blade stock having a projecting stud on the bladeface thereof concentric with the screw-hole, and a steel blank having a hole punched for said stud, and held in place for heating and Welding by riveting said stud.

3. As anew article of manufacture, ashearblade having a soft-metal stock (such as malleable-iron), with a stud formed on the bladeface thereof concentric with the pivot-hole, a screwhole formed therein, and a steel shear-plate having a hole near its Wider end to take said stud, Welded to said stock, and having an all-steel ride practically circular and concentric to the pivot.

In testimony whereof I afiiX my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

ZEBULON LOCKE BREWER.

Witnesses:

J. M. ST. J OHN, J. F. GROAT. 

